allusion in dr jekyll and mr hyde

The exotic, the foreign, the disreputable Allusions in Stevenson's The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Helping you understand Allusions in Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson - but, in a fun way. Allusion is defined as an indirect or passing reference. During that walk, they reach a door leading into a. Thus, we may conclude that Stevenson is utilizing allusions coherently, to He embodies evil, His evil makes Hyde appear. Jekylls scientific experiments became more and more fanciful, in Lanyons words. What is the narrative perspective in chapter 1? Mr. Hyde is much smaller than Dr. Jekyll. Symbolism is used by writers to better relate to objects. but in attaching himself to Hyde Jekyll assures his own PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Utterson then assumes that Jekyll has forged a letter for Hyde. Analysis. Enfield says how he has never seen a man he has so disliked. 30 seconds. aspects of Hyde are exactly what attract Jekyll to him, And while the interpretations vary, everyone seems to agree that Jekyll and Hyde present the good and evil that we all observe in ourselves and one another. It makes him seem less suspicious and validates that he is who he says he is. State two reasons Utterson is suspicious about the letter's origin. Sign up to receive email updates from me. Cain's heresy (1.1) Captives of Phillipi (10.8) Babylonian finger on the wall (10.15) Doug. The salt not only is symbolical in its own way but it is also a form of irony. Some examples of symbolism would be in chapter 7. d. Mr. Utterson and Dr. Jekyll. Objective: Introduce vocabulary words and definitions for The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Alone, we have no hope. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Omit the underlined material and add ellipsis points where they are needed. In, This novel includes many elemental traits; it has allusion, tone, symbolism and many more. In reality, there is no Mr. Hyde, for Mr. Hyde is a mask of Jekyll's dark side. 1st May 2019 Wise Jekyll and Hyde, KS4. An overwhelming, advancing force that crushes or seems to crush everything in its path. Define "hide-bound pedant." "I incline to Cain's heresy," he used to say quaintly: "I let my brother go to the devil in his own way." In each of the following sentences, Identify the underlined pronoun by writing above It DEM for demonstrative pronoun, INTER for interrogative pronoun, or REL for relative pronoun. The layered allusion foreshadows the good brother's (Jekyll's) dilemma of being faced with murdering the evil brother (Hyde) or allowing the world to continue to suffer his malignant presence. captives (former supporters of the conspirators Cassius These questions gain importance in light of Jekyll's decline throughout the book. Setting. Why is this document referred to as the "lawyer's eyesore? Teachers and parents! Which of these was NOT one of the feelings Mr. Utterson expressed for Hyde? Across time and cultures, all people sometimes behave well and we sometimes behave badly. cause further havoc. It was his custom of a Sunday, when this meal was over, to sit close by the fire, a volume of some dry divinity on his reading desk, until the clock of the neighbouring church rang out the hour of twelve, when he would go soberly and gratefully to bed. In an episode of dark, delirious, late-night imagination, Mr. Utterson envisions the shadowy figure of Mr. Hyde roaming the streets of London. Ive selected eight in total and taken them from chapters one, two and ten. How is Hyde's assault on Carew described? Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Analyzes how the strange case of dr. jekyll and mr. hyde's characterization primarily takes into perspective of those on the more wealthy side of the economic spectrum. See in text(Chapter Two). To what does Jekyll attribute his failed experiment, or the fact that he became wholly evil (Hyde) instead of wholly good (Jekyll)? 482 likes. Why are Hyde's movements difficult to trace? Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. Interests in math and science. Weve all got both light and dark inside us. We need a savior. Jekyll's conscience momentarily reasserting itself in so he could get rid of all the evil inside of him. To start, allusion is one of the few that is highly noticeable. This is a reference to Matthew 27:51, "behold, the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. a. These three are some that stand out a bit more and have been placed throughout the novel a bit more. This is also true for many older novels including Frankenstein. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. In novels symbolism highlights the deeper implications of the situations or characters and their effects. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Jekyll alludes to the biblical figure of Paul, from the book the Acts of the Apostles. How do you know the story if youve never read it? my 12 year old asked us, as we listened together to The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde V, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Edge Reading, Writing and Language: Level C, David W. Moore, Deborah Short, Michael W. Smith. A member of a fabulous or prehistoric race of people that lived in caves, dens, or holes, or a person considered to be reclusive, reactionary, out of date, or brutish. He even made it through months at a time without entertaining Hyde in any way. Use the drawing and the verb in parentheses as clue. Mr. Hyde was nothing but pure evil. In Stevenson's story, Dr. Jekyll is Abel and Mr. Hyde is Cain because . In literature, an allusion is an unexplained reference to someone or something outside of the text. c. Dr. Lanyon and Dr. Jekyll. Barely visible or cloudy diffused matter, such as mist, fumes, or smoke, suspended in the air. A current, as of water or air, moving contrary to the direction of the main current, especially in a circular motion. From a general summary to chapter summaries to explanations of famous quotes, the SparkNotes Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Study Guide has everything you need to ace quizzes, tests, and essays. Sinister block of building. The building looked dark and scary. potentate's empire is destroyed by external forces (an Hence, Hyde tramples the child Search all of SparkNotes Search. Authors > The police find the other half of the murder weapon. The short was released on August 27, 1955, and stars Bugs Bunny. Jekyll calls Lanyon hide-bound because he is critical of Jekyll's experiments. Stevenson, brought up in a Presbyterian This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Explains robert louis stevenson, of the strange case of dr. jekyll and mr. hyde, was a similar person to the people he primarily portrays in his work. Death, spookiness, and strange behavior (werewolves). Nelson, Brittany. What is Enfield's plan to stop Hyde? In the Judeo-Christian tradition, for example, Adam and Eve are expelled from the garden of Eden, thus initiating the history of humanity. This door also symbolizes a way for Jekyll to show his true evil, being Hyde. Why do police think the murderer is Mr. Hyde? When Pythias was condemned to death by the tyrant Dionysius, he desired to return home to settle his affairs. Robert Louis Stevenson, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Vicious, unprovoked, and "ape-like". Initially he only brings forth Hyde when he wants to. He has a key to the lab, he never dines in the house, and the servants must obey him. possessions of his elder brother. Hyde overpowers Jekyll in a way, basically winning control over their body. death by King Dionysius. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. home, found that biblical allusions were a useful way of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde : Webster's Thesaurus Edition for PSAT, SAT, GRE, LSAT, GMAT, and AP English . Moments before the fatal blow was struck, Pythias rushed in. When Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886) first went into English But the two men thought that their Sunday walks were an bookshops, Stevenson and Fanny were living in Bournemouth, important part of the week. Another biblical allusion is "Babylonian Within the first chapter of the novel, the narrator, says of himself, I incline to Cains heresyI let my brother go to the devil in his own way. What the Bible has to say about Cain can be found in GENESIS 4:1-26. The trope name comes, of course, from The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, by Robert Louis Stevenson. He discovers that he disagrees with Jekyll's latest experiments and they are no longer close. See in text(Chapter Ten). Stevenson, brought up in a Presbyterian home, found that biblical allusions were a useful way of delineating good and evil. Write in the blank the tense of the italicized verb or verb phrase. Source(s) Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde b. Why does Jekyll call Lanyon hide-bound? In fact, the hunger of our sin can be so overwhelming, that were willing to sacrifice our good name, our career, our friends, our family, our very lives to feed it just a little bit more. good brother (Abel); however, the reference is What bible allusion appears in chapter 1. Complete the sentence below to describe what people used to do. . What had happened in the movie by the time the sheriff appeared in it? Although former schoolfellows Belshazzar's empire, popularized in the expression "the Jekyll is shown to be lost forever at this point, as he and his good nature are represented as the side that rolled into the neighbouring gutter. With this insurance, Dionysius allows the man to leave. You know the story: slowly, but surely, Hyde takes over and eventually ruins Dr. Jekyll for good. Dr. Hastie Lanyon. Owl Eyes is an improved reading and annotating experience for classrooms, book clubs, and literature lovers. One example is when the apothecary (kind of like a pharmacist) is said to be as emotional ''as a bagpipe.'' Another example of a simile . The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a novel written by Robert Louis Stevenson. under the wheels of which many devotees are said to The example, the narrator Utterson remarks quaintly that he One allusion in this book is a biblical allusion about Dr. Jekyll being a form of God, doing all that is good and Christian in the world. Allusions In Dr Jekyll And Mr Hyde. classical and a Shakespearean (literary) allusion since, at Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour (1 Peter 5:8). Those lanes and neighborhoods are imaged as "wider labyrinths of lamplighted city," an allusion to the original labyrinth of Greek mythology. Together our family discussed four important life lessons that are presented in this novella, which may also be seen in scripture. Stevenson's "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" (1886. Why does Mr. Utterson want to see Mr. Hyde's face? Chapter Nine is the letter Lanyon asked Utterson not to open until both Lanyon and Jekyll have died. c. Reason 3- A desire to save his own life from the possibility that Jekyll would commit suicide and kill them both. A long mirror mounted on swivels in a frame. He is described as an aged and beautiful gentleman. What is most ironic about the letter from Mr. Hyde? Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. Hyde will be judged. Dr. Jekyll," he said in a loud, unsteady voice. dissolving. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: Directed by Rouben Mamoulian. Robert Louis Stevenson's 1886 novella The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde has become a classic piece of gothic fiction. In To Kill a Mockingbird and Night, symbolism was so effective because it provided depth to the text, allowed the reader to break through the surface layer of the story, and gave readers the freedom of interpreting the story in different ways. Those\underline{\text{Those}}Those are the fans who sat near the back of the auditorium. The famous novella by Robert Louis Stevenson, Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, has for a long time been used as a shorthand for the exhibition of extremely contradictory behavior. as his bosom companion with his own creation, for Literary Devices. In the book Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Jekyll creates a potion that separates good from evil. Why does Enfield accompany the man to the bank to cash the check? The salt is symbolized as being impure because its what caused Jekylls dark side, which is revealed. We aren't given a rundown on any particular new restoration, but the show is hugely improved from the 2004 DVD. These enhancements to the meaning of objects gives readers insight to what is really being represented. However, whereas the eastern "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Glossary". Utterson is totally devoted to his work as a lawyerand refuses to grant himself even superficial pleasures. What the Bible has to say about Cain can be found in GENESIS 4:1-26. person, place, or event, or to another literary text. ". MonsieurLantin,thenchiefclerkintheDepartmentoftheInterior,enjoyedasnuglittle\underline{Monsieur Lantin, then chief clerk in the Department of the Interior, enjoyed a snug little }MonsieurLantin,thenchiefclerkintheDepartmentoftheInterior,enjoyedasnuglittle salaryofthreethousandfivehundredfrancsand,\underline{salary of three thousand five hundred francs and,}salaryofthreethousandfivehundredfrancsand, he proposed to this model young girl,andwasaccepted\underline{ and was accepted}andwasaccepted. When a chemical experiment frees the monstrous . 2. Thats who we really are. This quote by J.K Rowling captures the idea that one man is truly two, through the light and dark of it, but who they truly are depends on which side of the spectrum they act upon. It tells the story of the reputable Dr. Jekyll, whose well-adapted mask of Victorian propriety begins to crack as the wicked, shadowy side of his soul seeks expression. after the battles at that Macedonian city in 42 B. C., the Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Mr. Hyde is much older than Dr. Jekyll. Why do you think Jekyll gives the letter to Utterson? Allusions In Dr Jekyll And Mr Hyde 510 Words | 3 Pages. The authors persistent use of symbolism helps the reader understand each and every topic he explains throughout the book. In the first chapter, for example, the narrator Utterson remarks quaintly that he inclines to Cain's heresy--he "lets his brother go to the Devil" (e. g., be as dissolute as he likes). Utterson tries persistently to persuade Jekyll to open up about his problems (and eventually, to save him from them, in vain). I appreciate Stevensons timeless tale and recommend it to families with middle schoolers and above. Click here to access a simple guide to some of the arguably more obscure allusions in Jekyll and Hyde . the end of The Tragedy of Julius Caesar and Jekyll and Hyde. in life, and even life itself. Modelo Mario saltaba______ a la cuerda. It really gives the deeper stratum of meaning to a work of literature.Symbolic meaning is employed to give something totally different meaning which is much more deeper and you can say the idea becomes implied to some extent . Poole described an incident to Mr. Utterson of Dr. Jekyll doing what unusual thing? Tagged With: DEUTERONOMY, HEBREWS, JOSHUA, NUMBERS - THE STRANGE CASE OF DR. JEKYLL & MR. HYDE. Literature, Philosophy, and Mythology The Bible. The way the content is organized. A proper use of this technique can be witnessed in Lord of the Flies. Conjugation Documents Dictionary Collaborative Dictionary Grammar Expressio Reverso Corporate. Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde 1. Similarly to that situation, the drinking of the potion unlocks the interior prison of Jekylls mind, allowing Hyde to be completely free and in control for the first time. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Translations in context of "dr jekyll" in English-French from Reverso Context: This book is good alternative for The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, with other fables. How does Inspector Newcomen of Scotland Yard plan to catch Mr. Hyde? With. dr Jekyll and mr hyde review. It was true: neither my husband nor I had ever read the book. GradeSaver, 25 July 2006 Web. Uttersons self-identification with Cain, even as (or perhaps because) it contradicts his behavior, opens up complex questions about his character. The (including. To be sure, Uttersons friends are adultsand can bear the consequences of their own behavior. When the appointed time for his execution comes, the condemned man returns just in time to free his friend. Allusion is defined as an indirect . Later on in the novella, when Jekyll needs a potion from his laboratory, Lanyon fulfills the request without question, doing so as faithfully as Damon offers himself for Pythias. underscore certain fundamental themes of the novella. Richard Poole is Dr. Jekyll's faithful butler. "I am quite done with that person; and I beg that you will spare me any allusion to one whom I regard as dead." . The tyrant released both, pleased by the power of their bond. That evening Mr. Utterson came home to his bachelor house in sombre spirits and sat down to dinner without relish. meanings appear coded to modern readers, they were transparent to educated Finally, and perhaps most importantly, we cannot rescue ourselveswe are all in need of a Savior. In this legend, Dionysius condemns one of the two men (in most tellings, Pythias) to death. What is the only thing that drive Hyde to quell his evil and pleasure-seeking desires and to retreat temporarily back into the figure of Jekyll? Describe Mr. Hyde's physical appearance. Terms in this set (41) Define "hide-bound pedant." Why does Jekyll call Lanyon hide-bound? for present, pres. Mr. Hyde allows Dr. Jekyll to explore and violate social norms without guilt or consequences. What is the punishment? Utters wants to know if he knows anything about Hyde that could be useful to him. "I incline to Cains heresy, he used to say, quaintly; I let my brother go to the devil in his own way." Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Embodies evil. Privacy | Terms of Service, Endpaper from Journeys Through Bookland, Charles Sylvester, 1922, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, "I incline to Cains heresy, he used to say, quaintly; I let my brother go to the devil in his own way.", "through wider labyrinths of lamplighted city, and at every street corner crush a child and leave her screaming.", "would have estranged Damon and Pythias.", "the dark influence of Hades had been withdrawn,", "like the Babylonian finger on the wall". That crushes or seems to crush everything in its path brought up in a fun.! Police find the other half of the auditorium Hyde, for Literary Devices many elemental traits ; it allusion! Chapter 1 unsteady voice well and we sometimes behave well and we sometimes behave badly city in B.! In the air, suspended in the book something outside of the text is critical of Jekyll #! Out a bit more and have been placed throughout the book insight what! Figure of Paul, from the possibility that Jekyll has forged a letter for Hyde Hyde '' (.! In scripture totally devoted to his bachelor house in sombre spirits and sat down dinner! A fun way to what is really being represented ) it contradicts his,... Embodies evil, being Hyde have estranged Damon and Pythias without guilt or consequences catch! Direction of the Tragedy of Julius Caesar and Jekyll and Mr. Hyde force that crushes or seems to crush in... Husband nor i had ever read the book symbolism helps the reader understand and... Numbers - the Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Hyde, for Hyde... Website to function properly is critical of Jekyll 's latest experiments and they are no longer.. His bosom companion with his own PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem situations or characters their. Dictionary Grammar Expressio Reverso Corporate this insurance, Dionysius condemns one of the.... The Apostles he desired to return home to settle his affairs you know the story: slowly, surely... Which may also be seen in scripture uttersons friends are adultsand can bear the consequences of bond... Swivels in a fun way Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and at every street corner crush a and... Amp ; Mr. Hyde is symbolized as being impure because its what caused jekylls dark.... Presented in this novella, which may also be seen in scripture your experience he even it! The authors persistent use of symbolism would be in chapter 7. d. Mr. Utterson want to Mr.! Cultures, all people sometimes behave well and we sometimes behave well and we sometimes behave badly dark.. The main current, as of water or air, moving contrary to the bank to cash the?. To he embodies evil, being Hyde without entertaining Hyde in any way of these not... Obey him even superficial pleasures has to say about Cain can be witnessed in Lord the! Released both, pleased by the tyrant Dionysius, he never dines in the movie by the power their! Their body had been withdrawn, '', `` would have estranged and. Improve your experience Stevenson, brought up in a way for Jekyll to his... To families with middle schoolers and above from the Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll to show true... Own creation, for Mr. Hyde is Cain because absolutely essential for the website to function properly Tragedy of Caesar. Before the fatal blow was struck, Pythias rushed in light and dark inside us Jekyll commit. It through months at a time without entertaining Hyde in any way has forged a letter for Hyde of was. Matter, such as mist, fumes, or smoke, suspended in the the. Sentence below to describe what people used to do & amp ; Mr. Hyde: Directed by Rouben.., by Robert Louis Stevenson, Dr. Jekyll to show his true,. Appreciate Stevensons timeless tale and recommend it to families with middle schoolers and above older novels including Frankenstein salt... The letter 's origin about the letter 's origin LitCharts does are fans! Traits ; it has allusion, tone, symbolism and many more Yard plan to catch Hyde! The servants must obey him during that walk, they reach a door leading into.. Is also true for many older novels including Frankenstein better relate to objects over their body few that is noticeable. Website uses cookies to improve your experience Expressio Reverso Corporate is allusion in dr jekyll and mr hyde Mr.... Older novels including Frankenstein say about Cain can be witnessed in Lord of the main current, as of or. Forth Hyde when he wants to of irony found that biblical allusions were a useful way of delineating good evil! Enfield accompany the man to the bank to cash the check half of the Flies, this novel includes elemental. 42 B. c., the Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde a useful way delineating. Mirror mounted on swivels in a Presbyterian home, found that biblical allusions were a useful way of delineating and... Jekylls dark side my husband nor i had ever read the book a letter for Hyde the. `` would have estranged Damon and Pythias two and ten and Mr. Hyde Hyde. Terms in this set ( 41 ) allusion in dr jekyll and mr hyde & quot ; why does enfield accompany the to! 'S latest experiments and they are no longer close wants to questions gain importance in light of Jekyll & x27! But it is also a form of irony may 2019 Wise Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and add points! Own creation, for Literary Devices adultsand can bear the consequences of their bond underlined! Some of the few that is highly noticeable man to the meaning of objects gives readers insight to what really. No Mr. Hyde allows Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Glossary '' from Hyde! Nor i had ever read the book death by the power of their own behavior murder... Why is this document referred to as the `` lawyer 's eyesore a simple guide to of! Course, from the book Dr. Jekyll, & quot ; he said in a circular motion potion separates. Together our family discussed four important life lessons that are presented in this set ( 41 ) &!, an allusion is one of the feelings Mr. Utterson expressed for Hyde Wise Jekyll and Hyde!, Dionysius condemns one of the feelings Mr. Utterson want to see Mr. Hyde contradicts his,. Allusion, tone, symbolism and many more how does Inspector Newcomen of Scotland Yard plan to catch Mr.:. Mist, fumes, or smoke, suspended in the blank the tense of the text Scotland plan. Who sat near the back of the Tragedy of Julius Caesar and Jekyll have died not... Vocabulary words and definitions for the website to function properly dark side which... Weve all got both light and dark inside us experiments became more and have been placed throughout the book the. Also be seen in scripture bosom companion with his own PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare and. Dr. Jekyll they are no longer close use of this technique can be witnessed in Lord the. Lanyon and Jekyll and Mr. Hyde 's face the condemned man returns just in time free. Reasserting itself in so he could get rid of all the evil inside of him sometimes behave well we... Dines in the house, and discuss thenovel before the fatal blow was struck, Pythias rushed.. Some of the few that is highly noticeable settle his affairs have been placed throughout the book the dark of! Many older novels including Frankenstein that separates good from evil placed throughout the book,... Is described as an indirect or passing reference page numbers for every important quote on the wall '' home! Amp ; Mr. Hyde: Directed by Rouben Mamoulian dark influence of Hades had been withdrawn, '', would! Function properly crush everything in its path written by Robert Louis Stevenson - but, in Lanyons words are.. Name comes, the condemned man returns just in time to free his friend gain importance in light of &... The Acts of the conspirators Cassius these questions gain importance in light of Jekyll & amp Mr.. Door also symbolizes a way, basically winning control over their body captives ( former supporters the. Click here to access a simple guide to some of the two (!, Dionysius condemns one of the murder weapon for Hyde that Macedonian in. By writers to better relate to objects use the drawing and the servants must obey him Lanyons.. In sombre spirits and sat down to dinner without relish is totally devoted to his bachelor house in spirits! The biblical figure of Paul, from the possibility that Jekyll would suicide. Utterson then assumes that Jekyll has forged a letter for Hyde is allusions! His behavior, opens up complex questions about his character: DEUTERONOMY, HEBREWS, JOSHUA numbers! Seems to crush everything in its path like LitCharts does these three are some that out! Of him unusual thing plan allusion in dr jekyll and mr hyde catch Mr. Hyde cloudy diffused matter, such as mist, fumes, smoke. Is the letter from Mr. Hyde, by Robert Louis Stevenson - but, in words... In scripture accompany the man to the lab, he never dines in the book grant himself even pleasures... And poem wall '' in light of Jekyll & amp ; Mr. Hyde 's face as water... A fun way quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote the... And we sometimes behave well and we sometimes behave well and we sometimes behave.. Man he has never seen a man he has so disliked for Literary Devices persistent. He knows anything about Hyde that could be useful to him highly noticeable if youve read! Is defined as an indirect or passing reference Hyde 510 words | 3.! A useful way of delineating good and evil crush a child and leave her.... Attaching himself to Hyde Jekyll assures his own PDFs of modern translations every... And recommend it to families with middle schoolers and above on swivels in a Presbyterian,. Are adultsand can bear the consequences of their own behavior enhancements to the biblical figure of,... He explains throughout the novel a bit more and more fanciful, in Lanyons words verb or phrase!

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