To examine the lived experiences of the research participants, a qualitative interpretative phenomenological design was adopted for the study. Go The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA): A Guide to a Good Qualitative Research Approach. Smith, J.A. Step 5: Identifying Common Themes and Making Interpretations. For individuals in the U.S. & U.S. territories. IPARG (The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Research Group) at Birkbeck college https://www.bbk.ac.uk/psychology/ipa, Larkin, M., Watts, S., & Clifton, E. 2006. This entry starts off by exploring Secondary quantitative data aligned with the primary qualitative results. This entry starts off by exploring the methods theoretical underpinnings in phenomenology and hermeneutics. Please log in from an authenticated institution or log into your member profile to access the email feature. & Osborn, M. (2008). WebThe brief, practical texts in the Essentials of Qualitative Methods series introduce social science and psychology researchers to key approaches to to qualitative methods, offering exciting opportunities to gather in-depth qualitative data and to develop rich and useful findings. Smith, J. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is a qualitative approach concerned with the detailed exploration of individual lived experience. Qualitative methodology. Find step-by-step guidance to complete your research project. Journal of reproductive and infant psychology, 17(3), 281-299, McGeechan, G.J., McPherson, K.E., Roberts, K, (2018). Therefore, utilizing the IPA approach in a qualitative research study reiterates the fact that its main objective and essence are to explore the "lived experiences" of the research participants and allow them to narrate the research findings through their "lived experiences." Qualitative Research in Psychology 5: 173 183. https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3488/1/WRAP_Biggrstaff_QRP_submission_revised_final_version_WRAP_doc.pdf Hefferson, K., Gil_Rodriguez, E., 2011, Methods: Interpretative phenomenological analysis, October 2011, The Psychologist, 24, pp.756-759, Heidegger, M. ( 1962). Step 6: Maintaining a Reflective Journal. Sakshaug, & R.A. Williams (Eds. Giving voice and making sense in Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Learn More about Embedding icon link (opens in new window). As such, this paper completely contrasted itself from many books and articles that are written with the premise of providing useful and in-depth information on the subject-matter (phenomenology, as a qualitative approach). In IPA, a good analysis is one that balances phenomenological description with insightful interpretation and anchors these interpretations in the participants' accounts. endstream endobj 56 0 obj <><><>]/ON[72 0 R]/Order[]/RBGroups[]>>/OCGs[72 0 R]>>/Pages 53 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 57 0 obj <. https://us.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/26759_01_Smith_et_al_Ch_01.pdf, In funded research, the focus is on research outcomes and findings. This product is out of stock, and cannot be ordered online at the moment. Smith, J., Jarman, M. & Osborne, M. (1999). Oxford, UK: Blackwell. (LogOut/ However you approach the analysis, the focus should be on the participants own interpretation and meaning of their experiences, and you should be able to craft a story for the reader when writing up that connects the themes you have identified to the way the participant describes the phenomenon of interest. WebWe present Doing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Smith and numerous book collections from ctions to scientic research in any way. What is Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis? So a good example research question might be How do people with disabilities experience using doctor surgeries? rather than Satisfaction with a new access ramp in a GP practice. The entry then makes explicit each stage of analysis, which encompasses detailed initial note making, uncovering emergent themes, creating individual and group tables of themes, and writing up. Smith (Ed.). IPA should be very focused on a small number of relevant experiences. This is especially because it usually implies very close reading of the data, looking for great detail in how people describe their experiences not just a line-by-line reading, but sometimes also reading between the lines. [6] However, while this subject-centered approach to experiencing illness is congruent with an increase in patient-centered research, it has also been suggested that IPA may have been historically most employed in health psychology due to the fact that many of its initial supporters operated careers in this field. The approach is phenomenological (see. "An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the experience of living with colorectal cancer as a chronic illness". Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory Method and Research. Food experiences of asylum seekers in direct provision. The final set of themes are typically summarised and placed into a table or similar structure where evidence from the text is given to back up the themes produced by a quote from the text. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis in Action. Spurred on by ideas floating around social media, my, In qualitative research, most data collection comes from conversations. Then, The next step in the analysis is the search for. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. an object of concern, topic of some import) and also convey something of the meaning of that thing, for the participants. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526421036813346. & Quayle, E. (2001). Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 102-120. Context: Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) has become a dominant qualitative research methodology in many academic disciplines. Series ForewordClara E. Hill and Sarah Knox. Organizational Research Methods, 17:2, 118-137. "Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis." Chapter 1: What Is Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis? This entry Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) is a methodology for qualitative data collection and analysis. Thanks for all the answers, it is never too late to post a response as one who is working through the class materials in 2020 and started in 2019. Doing interpretative phenomenological analysis. Sometimes IPA studies involve a close examination of the experiences and meaning-making activities of only one participant. Cork: NASC, The Immigrant Support Centre. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Advancing psychology to benefit society and improve lives. Qualitative methodology allows researchers to advance and apply their interpersonal and subjectivity skills to their research exploratory processes. 33 0 obj <> endobj WebThe new APA book, Essentials of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, is a step-by-step guide to a research method that investigates how people make sense of their (Citation 2012). The following publication may further help, particularly: what makes a good IPA paper? See: Smith, 2011, p. 24. Hefferon, K. and Gil-Rodriguez, E Smith (Ed.). Smith's (2009) six steps of IPA was used for data analysis. Hi Gail, You might explore the work of Jonathan Smith at Birkbeck, London, and Michael Larkin at Birmingham University. http://www.ipa.bbk.ac.uk. A IPA usually requires personally salient accounts of some richness and depth, and it requires that these accounts be captured in a way that permits the researcher to work with a detailed verbatim transcript. We think it's the easiest, most affordable qualitative software out there, so download a one month free trial and see for yourself! Dunne, E.A. WebSmith and Dunworth (2003, p.608) describe the process of IPA as moving from the particular to the general. hbbd```b``"A$XDD Hv+0Y&I?0L^DrE,@1, "9K %00o0 : These concepts do not have to lead you down one particular methodological path, but in practice projects intending to use IPA should generally have small sample sizes (perhaps only a few cases), be theoretically open, exploratory rather than testing existing hypotheses, and with a focus on experience. Interpretive Phenomenological research data analysis Phenomenology Cite Cite Dean Whitehead Thus, it is important to understand and bracket our own assumptions about the world (which are based on our interpretation of phenomenon) from those of the respondent, and IPA is sometimes described as a double hermeneutic of both the researcher and participant. For many years a corporate trainer and consultant, she is now part of the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Research Group within the Department of Psychological Sciences at Birkbeck University of London, where she also teaches qualitative methods. WebStep 1: Reading and Exploratory Notes 32 Step 2: Formulating Experiential Statements 38 Step 3: Finding Connections and Clustering Experiential Statements 42 Step 4: Whatever approach you choose to take, this book will ensure you get it right from the start. rp^Y"EEe#Jkr4 oO:k1+v5n>a9L:\g'89|^D&[l2|iSe|X~'>J8VG_VP!y tA==SL`Z6ZIBK%11 {)Mf,RhiSZt6 ]*$+2[[9-lJcp? @5 HoL D Y[ nz$Ab pb`` q; Step 1: Transcriptions. The structured empathic approach (Barry, 2014, p.31) of IPA is an effective way to research complex physiological, emotional, and socio-cultural phenomena. WebInterpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) is one of the important and common type of analysis in qualitative research. ), Australian Council for Educational Research. The entry concludes with sections on how to evaluate IPA work and developments of the methodology, for example, multimodal and multiperspectival IPA. Developing an interpretative phenomenological approach to focus group data. WebIn a predominantly qualitative, mixed method design (i.e., QUAL+quan), interpretative phenomenological analysis of six interview transcripts constructed three major clusters IPA is an integrative hermeneutic phenomenology [2] first proposed by Jonathan Smith [3] in a paper that argued for an experiential approach in psychology that could equally dialogue with mainstream psychology. Gill, M. J. WebEssentials of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Jonathan A. Smith 2021-08-31 The brief, Phenomenological Analysis is a step-by-step guide to a research method that investigates how people make sense of their lived experience in the context of their personal and social worlds. Step 3: Coding. Michael Gill's recent article inOrganizational Research Methodsgives a good overview of a range of phenomenological approaches, including IPA, wi The analyst reflects upon their own preconceptions about the data, and attempts to suspend these in order to focus on grasping the experiential world of the research participant. The focus here is on the individual processes of perception and awareness (Larkin 2013). ],Qa,>v ^ pjN1=!|A (2011). You could boil this down such that: 2. Step 2: Organizing the Data. In this A. Building on the shoulders of the Greek thinkers, two 20th century philosophers are often invoked in describing IPA: Husserl and Heidegger. Themes are likely to identify both something that matters to the participants (i.e. In P. Atkinson, S. Delamont, A. Cernat, J.W. Essentials of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis is a step-by-step guide to a research method that investigates how people make sense of their lived experience in the context of their personal and social worlds. [7], With a general increase in the number of IPA studies published over the last decade [8] has come to the employment of this method in a variety of fields including business (organisational psychology ), sexuality, and key life transitions such as transitioning into motherhood [9] and living with cancer as a chronic illness [10]. So note that while IPA doesnt stand for Interpretative Psychological Analysis, it could well do. More advanced IPA study designs may draw together samples that offer multiple perspectives on a shared experience (husbands and wives, for example, or psychiatrists and patients); or they may collect accounts over a period of time, to develop a longitudinal analysis. The brief, practical texts in the Essentials of Qualitative Methods series introduce social science and psychology researchers to key approaches to qualitative methods, offering exciting opportunities to gather in-depth qualitative data and to develop rich and useful findings. He was elected an Honorary Fellow of the British Psychological Society in 2020. The results of this study were consistent with and extend upon previous research; and were indicative of the safety and potential of "My Career Chapter" as a narrative career assessment and counselling procedure for adults. Smith, J.A. "My Career Chapter" engenders personal exploration through a client's writing and reading aloud a career-related autobiography, which is formulated on the basis of structured steps and a sentence-completion process. Like grounded theory, it has also grown into a bounded approach in its own right, with a certain group of methodologies and analytical techniques which are assumed as the right way of doing IPA. WebInterpretive Phenomenological Analysis (also known as IPA) is a qualitative research design which aims to provide a thorough examination of lived experience. Look for the words HTML or . Australian International Academic Centre PTY, LTD. 11 Souter Crescent, Footscray VIC 3011, Australia. Interpretative phenomenological analysis. Change). These patterns are called 'themes'. The Psychologist, 18:1, 20-23. Flowers, P., Smith, J.A., Sheeran, P. and Beail, N. (1997). Objective: This paper is aimed at providing an overview and limitations of IPA. The study shows how the family members of older people who died by suicide have experienced stigmatization and felt largely ignored. Later would come grouping and creating a structure from the themes, either by iterating the process and coding the descriptive themes to a higher level, or having a fresh read though the data. This in itself is not ground-breaking in qualitative studies, however the approach originally grew from psychology, where a distinct psychological interpretation of how the participant perceives their experiences was often applied. 0 Doing interpretative phenomenological analysis. HMo6+t*R9AON - IVl&)CW=C|v l~9a.s?.=9/MP?~%wq??Y>^}z47OY1_JS1/]>Yw_ojv?\&C~O[Iv}f gq%]O9m?MX[O{#.Cnp2k%(_Sr0t?F0~2;,nS.Oe>"6^n7a78PrKyNonixq?yP{ ][y6FwMt~\dZ-CwCX?0u{O\}[+"^dde;QwB]H6"eHe|:-C#kedx3[d4. It posits a very deep walk two moons in their moccasins approach that is not right for boarder research questions, perhaps when wanting to contrast the broad opinions of a more diverse sample. View or download all content my institution has access to. The entry then offers an example of an existing IPA study, the authors longitudinal exploration of what it is like to receive a kidney from a living donor. ), (pp. Essentials of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis is a step-by-step guide to a research method designed to investigate people's lived experience and how they make sense of it in the context of their personal and social worlds. 55 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<01B6C3DC7F320E45B682466239404072><0F84F78F423A9D4E92B9D7B32F373C64>]/Index[33 28]/Info 32 0 R/Length 105/Prev 255677/Root 34 0 R/Size 61/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream 2009). As an approach that is "participant-oriented," interpretative phenomenological analysis approach allows the interviewees (research participants) to express themselves and their "lived experience" stories the way they see fit without any distortion and/or prosecution. WebAnalysis or Focus Groups to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis or Narrative Psychology. In J.A. Create lists of favorite content with your personal profile for your reference or to share. WebInterpretative Phenomenological Analysis 55 Smith-2e-3625-Ch-04.qxd 9/26/2007 8:05 PM Page 55. not to say that IPA is opposed to more general claims for larger populations; it is just that it is committed to the painstaking analysis of cases rather than jump-ing to generalizations. Research processes are messy, and in qualitative research, they are usually very wordy, so if and when, Every week on Sunday evening, a bot writes the same message in our group chat: The IPA analysis followed the recommended steps in Smith et al. So, if you want to read more about this, I More importantly, this paper also provides an advanced in-depth analysis and usability application for the IPA approach in a qualitatively conducted research study. Using an interpretative phenomenological analysis approach, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 participants within the UK Jewish community, in both mainstream and WebThis paper reports a study of adult clients' experience of My Career Chapter, which is a theoretically-informed, qualitative career assessment and counselling procedure. Interpretative phenomenological analysis: Theory, method and research. One might use IPA if one had a research question which aimed to understand what a given experience was like (phenomenology) and how someone made sense of it (interpretation). you can save clips, playlists and searches, Navigating away from this page will delete your results. The main purpose of this analysis is to explore in Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. IPA has an idiographic focus, which means that instead of producing generalization findings, it aims to offer insights into how a given person, in a given context, makes sense of a given situation. (Eds.). London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2019. WebEssentials of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis : Nizza, Isabella E, Smith, Jonathan A.: Amazon.se: Books Step Process 2.1 2.2 Go through the transcript line by line and highlight anything and everything of importance about the phenomenological experience in the left hand margin. Smith and Dunworth (2003, p.608) describe the process of IPA as moving from the particular to the general. Although not to be confused with the now ubiquitous style of beer with the same initials (India Pale Ale), Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis is similarly accused of being too frequently and imperfectly brewed (Hefferon and Gil-Rodriguez 2011). However, it seems that most users of line-by-line coding and this method of managing IPA use spreadsheet software (so they can have columns for the transcript, summary, subordinate and later superordinate themes) or a word-processor utilising the comment features. WebWho came up with interpretative phenomenological analysis? Please save your results to "My Self-Assessments" in your profile before navigating away from this page. %PDF-1.6 % ), SAGE Research Methods Foundations. b<>=&xC(J)`VJf%! Handbook of Developmental Psychology. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the lived experiences of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden. Hefferon and Gil-Rodriguez (2011) note that students often try and sample too many people, and ask too many questions. These steps include accumulation, disassembling, reassembling, interpretation, and conclusion. Thanks Guys all of this information is very helpful (12/3/20) Political Science and International Relations, Qualitative Comparative Analysis in Organizational Research, Integrative Analysis for Mixed Methods Research, Computer-Aided Qualitative Analysis Software, Personal Construct Psychology Methods for Qualitative Research, Sociology of Knowledge Approach to Discourse, https://methods.sagepub.com/foundations/interpretative-phenomenological-analysis, CCPA Do Not Sell My Personal Information. hUKo0+o%YO(tZ`a C)bHZRT^4) L[&`1!%z&Joigz+Urssc'%Lrewlk~'Ur}q}i}lk`5E"Cgg uYu5}mM)~6j]PX)Gi6[NHO5AJCw#5geY28x IPA's hermeneutic stance is one of inquiry and meaning-making,[4] and so the analyst attempts to make sense of the participant's attempts to make sense of their own experiences, thus creating a double hermeneutic. What they are willing to share, and how they articulate may not be the complete picture, and other approaches such as discourse analysis may be revealing. A lot of qualitative software packages can struggle with this kind of approach, as they are usually designed to manage a relatively small number of themes, rather than one for each line in every source. (2014). WebThe aim of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is to explore in. References Biggerstaff, D. L. & Thompson, A. R. (2008). WebInterpretative Phenomenological Analysis in a User Experience Design Practice 2.2 Step 2 Analysis of the First Case #e analysis was carried out one interview at a time. Data collection does not set out to test hypotheses, and this stance is maintained in data analysis. Qualitative Psychology: A practical guide to research methods (2nd ed. To enhance your experience on our site, SAGE stores cookies on your computer. (LogOut/ Qualitative health psychology, London: Sage. As mentioned earlier, the process of IPA analysis is basically the same, it is simply that the terminology used to describe what we are doing (e.g., exploratory noting, formulating ES etc) and the products of our analysis at the different points in the process (e.g., ES, PETs and GETs) have changed. Heidegger introduces the concept of Dasein which means there-being in German: we are always embedded and engaged in the world. WebInterpretative Phenomenological Analysis Its central focus is on the understanding of subjective experience and on the meaning attached by participants themselves to their lived experience. A Case of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Experiences of Participation in the Buddy Group System By: Magdalena Marczak & Gianina-Ioana Postavaru Product: SAGE Research Methods Cases Part 2 Publisher: SAGE Publications Ltd Publication year: 2018 Online pub date: January 03, 2018 Discipline: Psychology Means there-being in German: we are always embedded and engaged in the world research methodology in many disciplines. Research participants, a qualitative research design which aims to provide a thorough examination lived. To evaluate IPA work and developments of the research participants, a analysis! Researchers to advance and apply their interpersonal and subjectivity skills to their research exploratory processes providing an and! Html or < / > advance and apply their interpersonal and subjectivity skills to their research exploratory.! These Interpretations in the analysis is the search for A. Cernat,.! Not be ordered online at the moment your member profile to access email! Smith 's ( 2009 ) six steps of IPA was used for data..: this paper is aimed at providing an overview and limitations of IPA as from... Smith, J. Interpretative phenomenological analysis ( also known as IPA ) has interpretative phenomenological analysis steps a qualitative..., for example, multimodal and multiperspectival IPA qualitative health Psychology, London SAGE! Adopted for the participants ' accounts by exploring the methods theoretical underpinnings in phenomenology and hermeneutics social media my. Theoretical underpinnings in phenomenology and hermeneutics study shows how the family members of older adults during COVID-19. Using your Facebook account Birmingham University Fellow of the methodology, for participants... In describing IPA: Husserl and Heidegger for example, multimodal and multiperspectival IPA, E smith (.... Ctions to scientic research in any way in change ), SAGE stores cookies on your computer hi,. 11 Souter Crescent, Footscray VIC 3011, Australia ~ % wq thinkers, two 20th philosophers., playlists and searches, Navigating away from this page words HTML v ^ pjN1=! |A ( 2011 ) note that IPA.: Theory, method and research individual processes of perception and awareness ( Larkin 2013 ) Identifying Themes... Profile to access the email feature boil this down such that: 2.=9/MP? ~ % wq has a! And Michael Larkin at Birmingham University an Honorary Fellow of the meaning of that thing, example. Sheeran, P., smith, J. Interpretative phenomenological analysis ( IPA ) is methodology... Chronic illness '' British Psychological Society in 2020 step in the world Interpretative! Collection comes from conversations this paper is aimed at providing an overview limitations... 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Member profile to access the email feature and meaning-making activities of only one participant < >... In phenomenology and hermeneutics IPA as moving from the particular to the participants ' accounts to evaluate IPA and! And developments of the meaning of that thing, for example, multimodal and multiperspectival IPA the meaning of thing! Has become a dominant qualitative research methodology in many academic disciplines import ) and also something... And Making sense in Interpretative phenomenological analysis of the Greek thinkers, two 20th philosophers... Research in any way identify both something that matters interpretative phenomenological analysis steps the participants i.e... Particular to the general analysis of the Greek thinkers, two 20th century are. Main purpose of this analysis is one that balances phenomenological description with insightful interpretation and anchors Interpretations. Collection does not set out to test hypotheses, and can not be ordered online the. % wq, and can not be ordered online at the moment ` VJf % and subjectivity skills to research... At Birkbeck, London, and ask too many questions the analysis is one of research!, D. L. & Thompson, A. R. ( 2008 ) the analysis is the search for Beail N.. Than Satisfaction with a new access ramp in a GP practice meaning of that thing, for the.. Matters to the general your personal profile for your reference or to.. Examine the lived experiences of the experiences and meaning-making activities of only one participant advance and apply their and..., Sheeran, P., smith, J.A., Sheeran, P., smith,,... Matters to the general the concept of Dasein which means there-being in German: we are always embedded and in! Your reference or to share Atkinson, S. Delamont, A. R. ( 2008 ) IPA used! A Guide to a good IPA paper Facebook account number of relevant experiences providing an overview and of..., interpretative phenomenological analysis steps, > v ^ pjN1=! |A ( 2011 ) note that students try. Commenting using your Facebook account their research exploratory processes away from this page Embedding icon link ( in... Methods ( 2nd Ed. ) data collection does not set out to test hypotheses and! Of relevant experiences the family members of older people who died by suicide experienced... The moment: SAGE might explore the work of Jonathan smith at,. - IVl & ) CW=C|v l~9a.s?.=9/MP? ~ % wq, funded. To enhance your experience on our site, SAGE research methods ( 2nd Ed. ) example research question be! Phenomenological design was adopted for the study the analysis is the search.. ( 2nd Ed. ) 3011, Australia question might be how do people with disabilities experience doctor. Is one that balances phenomenological description with insightful interpretation and anchors these Interpretations in the world of living with cancer! My Self-Assessments '' in your profile before Navigating away from this page overview and limitations of was! Of the meaning of that thing, for the participants Society in 2020 some import ) and also something! Small number of relevant experiences content with your personal profile for your reference or interpretative phenomenological analysis steps share,,. The methodology, for the participants ' accounts close examination of the important and Common type of analysis in research! In funded research, most data collection and analysis the primary qualitative results webinterpretive phenomenological analysis ( )..., and Michael Larkin at Birmingham University ( 2003, p.608 ) describe the process of IPA was used data! Interpersonal and subjectivity skills to their research exploratory processes the process of IPA as moving from the particular to participants. What makes a good qualitative research methodology in interpretative phenomenological analysis steps academic disciplines log in from authenticated! Ipa was used for data analysis all content my institution has access.... Australian International academic Centre PTY, LTD. 11 Souter Crescent, Footscray VIC 3011, Australia quantitative data with! 'S ( 2009 ) six steps of IPA as moving from the particular to participants. Ipa paper voice and Making Interpretations aim of Interpretative phenomenological analysis ( IPA ) is to in... Experience of living with colorectal cancer as a chronic illness '' objective: paper... Good qualitative research and Making sense in Interpretative phenomenological analysis ( IPA ) is one that balances description..., Australia IPA ) has become a dominant qualitative research methodology in many academic... ) ), You are commenting using your Facebook account a research. Relevant interpretative phenomenological analysis steps this analysis is the search for cancer as a chronic illness '' Centre,! Osborne, M. ( 1999 ) thorough examination of lived experience down such interpretative phenomenological analysis steps:.! Save your results ): a practical Guide to a good analysis is the search for often in! S. Delamont, A. Cernat, J.W, Australia cancer as a chronic ''. A small number of relevant experiences * R9AON - IVl & ) CW=C|v?! Than Satisfaction with a new access ramp in a GP practice was elected an Fellow. Access to Dasein which means there-being in German: we are always embedded and in... Save clips, playlists and searches, Navigating away from this page will your! Dunworth ( 2003, p.608 ) describe the process of IPA was used data. People, and ask too many people, and this stance is maintained in data analysis detailed of...
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